Louis R. Menendez, Jr. v. Progressive Express Insurance Co., In. (SC08-789)

SUMMARY: 7-0 Decision. The Court held that amendments to F.S. 627.736 limiting attorney fees and requiring insureds to give their insurer notice before filing suit were substantive changes to the statute and could not be applied retroactively. The Court quashed the decision of the 3d DCA and remanded the case to the trial court.

Note: This is a revised opinion. The original opinion, SC08-789, was originally issued February 4, 2010.

This case arose from the failure of Progressive Express Insurance Company (Progressive) to pay personal injury protection (PIP) benefits to its insured, Cathy Menendez, after she was injured in an automobile accident in June 2001. Because Progressive did not pay the benefits, the insured sued for overdue benefits. She was successful in her claim in the trial court, which eventually entered a judgment in her favor. On appeal, the Third District Court of Appeal reversed the judgment on multiple grounds, including the insured’s failure to comply with a statute enacted after the date of the automobile accident (referred to as the statutory presuit provision) that placed additional requirements on an injured person seeking to recover PIP benefits before filing suit. See Progressive Express Ins. Co. v. Menendez, 979 So. 2d 324 (Fla. 3d DCA 2008).

In holding that the statutory presuit notice provision could be applied retroactively to the insured’s claim because it was “merely procedural” and did not unconstitutionally alter any existing rights, the decision of the Third District expressly and directly conflicts with the decisions of this Court in State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Laforet, 658 So. 2d 55 (Fla. 1995), and Young v. Altenhaus, 472 So. 2d 1152 (Fla. 1985), and the decisions of the First District Court of Appeal in Walker v. Cash Register Auto Insurance of Leon County, Inc., 946 So. 2d 66 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006), and Stolzer v. Magic Tilt Trailer, Inc., 878 So. 2d 437 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004).

Because we conclude that the 2001 amendment creating the statutory presuit notice provisions constitutes a substantive change to the statute, we hold that it cannot be retroactively applied to insurance policies issued before the effective date of the amendment and quash the decision of the Third District in Menendez.

For the foregoing reasons, we hold that section 627.736(11), Florida Statutes (2001), does not apply retroactively to the insurance policy issued to the insureds, because it is a substantive statute. Accordingly, we quash the decision of the Third District Court of Appeal and remand with directions to reinstate the stipulated final judgment and the final judgment awarding attorneys’ fees. We also instruct the district court to enter an order awarding attorneys’ fees and to remand the issue to the trial court for a determination of the amount of fees for the proceedings at the district court and before this Court.